| Doc. Number | Article Title | Effective Date | Version |
| FHC-XX | ACH Return Codes | November 11, 2024 | 0.2 |
ACH return codes identify why an ACH payment was returned by the recipient's bank. They make it easier for originating and receiving financial institutions to spot and communicate payment failures.
Each code begins with 'R' followed by a two-digit number. For example, 'R04' indicates an invalid account number was provided. In response, the ACH network returns payment to the originating party if it fails to complete the request. Payments returned in this way are typically referred to as ACH Returns. ACH return codes are standardized and maintained by NACHA, the governing body for the ACH network.
For further details, including an updated listing of ACH Return Codes, go to https://www.moderntreasury.com/learn/ach-return-code-reference.
| Return Reason Codes for RDFIs | |
| R01 | Insufficient Funds - Available balance is insufficient to cover dollar value of the debit entry. |
| R02 | Account Closed - Previously active account has been closed by the customer or RDFI. |
| R03 | No Account/Unable to Locate Account - The account number structure is valid and passes the editing process, but does not correspond to an individual or is not an open account. |
| R04 | Invalid Account Number - The account number structure is not valid; the entry may fail check digit validation or may contain an incorrect number of digits. |
| R05 | Improper Debit to Consumer Account - A CCD, CTX, or CBR debit entry was transmitted to a Consumer Account of the Receiver and was not authorized by the Receiver. |
| R06 | Returned per ODFI's Request - ODFI has requested RDFI to return the ACH entry (optional to RDFI - ODFI indemnifies RDFI). |
| R07 | Authorization Revoked by Customer - Consumer, who previously authorized ACH payment, has revoked authorization from the Originator (must be returned no later than 60 days from the settlement date and the customer must sign an affidavit). |
| R08 | Payment Stopped - The receiver of a recurring debit transaction has stopped payment to a specific ACH debit. RDFI should verify the Receiver's intent when a request to stop payment is made to insure this is not intended to be a revocation of the authorization. |
| R09 | Uncollected Funds - A sufficient book or ledger balance exists to satisfy the dollar value of the transaction, but the dollar value of the transaction is in the process of collection (i.e., uncollected checks) or cash reserve balance below the dollar value of the debit entry. |
| R10 | Originator Not Known and/or Not Authorized to Debit Receiver's Account - The consumer has advised RDFI that the Originator of a transaction is not authorized to debit the account (must be returned no later than 60 days from the settlement date of original entry and the customer must sign an affidavit). |
| R11 | Customer advises not within Authorization Terms - used when there's an error with a received payment. In this case, the error would be reported by someone who has received a payment for an incorrect amount of money or received a payment on the wrong date. |
| R12 | Account Sold to Another DFI - A financial institution receives an entry destined for an account that has been sold to another financial institution. |
| R13 | Invalid ACH Routing Number |
| R14 | Account-holder Deceased [Representative Payee Deceased or Unable to Continue in that Capacity] - Account-holder is deceased (used in the event of death of a Representative Payee. guardian, or trustee). |
| R15 | Beneficiary Deceased [Beneficiary or Account Holder (Other Than a Representative Payee) Deceased] - Beneficiary entitled to payments is deceased. |
| R16 | Account Frozen / Returned Per OFAC - Funds unavailable due to specific action by the RDFI or by legal action. |
| R17 | File Record Edit Criteria / Suspicious Entry with Invalid Account No. / Return of Improperly -Initiated Reversal - Fields not edited by the ACH Operator are edited by the RDFI; field(s) causing processing error must be identified in the addenda record of return. |
| R18 | Improper Effective Entry Date |
| R19 | Amount Field Error |
| R20 | Non-Transaction Account - ACH entry is destined for a non-transaction account (i.e., an account against which transactions are prohibited or limited). |
| R21 | Invalid Company Identification - The number used in the Company ID field in error. |
| R22 | Invalid Individual ID Number - in the CIE entry, the Individual ID Number is used by the Receiver to identify the account; the Receiver has indicated to RDFI that the number the Originator identified is not correct. |
| R23 | Receiver Refused Credit- The receiver refuses credit entry because of one of the following conditions: (1) the minimum amount required by the Receiver has not been remitted, (2) the exact amount required has not been remitted, (3) the account subject to litigation and Receiver will not accept transaction, (4) acceptance of transaction results in an overpayment, (5) Originator is not known by Receiver, or (6) Receiver has not authorized the credit entry. |
| R24 | Duplicate Entry - RDFI has received what appears to be a duplicate entry (i.e., trace number, date, dollar amount, and/or other data that matches another transaction). |
| R25 | Addenda Error |
| R26 | Mandatory Field Error |
| R27 | Trace Number Error - The Trace Number found in the addenda record of the Return is different from the trace number of the original entry. |
| R28 | Routing Number Check Digit Error |
| R29 | Not Authorized by Corporate Customer - RDFI has been notified by the Receiver (non-consumer) that entry was not authorized. |
| R30 | RDFI Not in Check Truncation Program |
| R31 | Permissible Return (CCD and CTX only) - RDFI has been notified by ODFI that ODFI agrees to accept a return entry beyond the normal return deadline. |
| R32 | RDFI Non-Settlement |
| R33 | Return of XCK - RDFI, at its discretion, returns an XCK entry (code only used for XCK returns) XCK entries may be returned up to 60 days after the settlement date. |
| R34 | Limited Participation DFI |
| R35 | Improper Debit |
| R36 | Improper Credit |
| R37 | Source Document Presented - The source document to which an ACH entry relates has been presented for payment. |
| R38 | Stop Payment on Source Document (ARC) - STOP PAY (ARC) |
| R39 | Improper Source Document |
| R40 | Non-Participant in ENR Program (ENR only) [Return of ENR Entry by Federal Government Agency (ENR only)] |
| R41 | Invalid Transaction Code (ENR only) |
| R42 | Routing Number/Check Digit Error (ENR only) |
| R43 | Invalid DFI Account Number (ENR only) |
| R44 | Invalid Individual ID Number (ENR only)[Invalid Individual ID Number/Identification Number (ENR only)] |
| R45 | Invalid Individual / Company Name (ENR only) |
| R46 | Invalid Representative Payee Indicator (ENR only) |
| R47 | Duplicate Enrollment (ENR only) |
| R48 | Reserved |
| R49 | Reserved |
| R50 | State Law Affecting RCK Acceptance - RDFI is in one of the states that have not accepted the Uniform Commercial Code and hasn't revised its consumer agreements to allow for electronic presentment, OR the RDFI is in a state that requires all canceled checks to be returned in the consumer statement. |
| R51 | Ineligible / Improper Item Related to RCK - Item is Ineligible, Notice Not Provided, Signatures Not Genuine, Item Altered or Amount of RCK Entry not Accurately Obtained From the Item |
| R52 | Stop Payment on Item Related to RCK - RDFI determines that a stop payment has been placed on the item to which the RCK entry relates. RDFI has 60 days following settlement to return. |
| R53 | Item and RCK Presented for Payment - In addition to an RCK entry, the item to which the RCK entry relates has also been presented for payment. |
| R54 | Reserved |
| R55 | Reserved |
| R56 | Reserved |
| R57 | Reserved |
| R58 | Reserved |
| R59 | Reserved |
| Dishonored Return Codes for ODFIs | |
| R60 | Reserved |
| R61 | Misrouted Return - RDFI of the original entry has placed the incorrect transit/routing number in the Receiving DFI Identification field. |
| R62 | Erroneous / Reversing Debit |
| R63 | Reserved |
| R64 | Reserved |
| R65 | Reserved |
| R66 | Reserved |
| R67 | Duplicate Return - ODFI has received more than one return for the same entry. |
| R68 | Untimely Return - Return was not sent within the time frame established by the rules. |
| R69 | Field Errors - Two or more fields are incorrect (i.e. original entry trace number, amount, individual ID number, company ID, and/or Transaction Code). |
| R70 | Permissible Return Entry Not Accepted / Not Requested by ODFI |
| R71 | Misrouted Dishonored Return |
| R72 | Untimely Dishonored Return |
| R73 | Timely Original Return |
| R74 | Corrected Return |
| R75 | Return Not Duplicate |
| R76 | No Errors Found |
| R77 | Non-Acceptance of R62 |
| R80 | IAT CODING ERROR |
| R81 | NON-PARTICIPANT IN IAT PROGRAM |
| R82 | INVALID FOREIGN RECEIVING DFI IDENTIFICATION |
| R83 | FOREIGN RECEIVING DFI UNABLE TO SETTLE |
| R84 | NOT PROCESSED BY GATEWAY |
| R85 | INCORRECTLY CODED OUTBOUND INT'L PAYMENT |
| Correction Codes | |
| C01 | Incorrect Bank Account Number |
| C02 | Incorrect Transit/Routing Number |
| C03 | Incorrect Transit/Routing Number and Bank Account Number |
| C04 | Bank Account Name Change |
| C05 | Incorrect Payment Code |
| C06 | Incorrect Bank Account Number and Transit Code |
| C07 | Incorrect Transit/Routing Number, Bank Account Number and Payment Code |
| C08 | Corrected Foreign Routing Number |
| C09 | Incorrect Individual ID Number |
| C10 | Incorrect Company Name |
| C11 | Incorrect Company Identification |
| C12 | Incorrect Company Name and Company ID |
| C13 | Addenda Format Error |
| C61 | Misrouted Notification Of Change |
| C62 | Incorrect Trace Number |
| C63 | Incorrect Company Identification Number |
| C64 | Incorrect Individual Identification Number |
| C65 | Incorrectly formatted Corrected Data |
| C66 | Incorrect Discretionary Data |
| C67 | Routing Number not from Original Entry Detail Record |
| C68 | DFI Account Number not from Original Entry Detail Record |
| C69 | Incorrect Transaction Code |
| Internal Codes for Rejected Transactions | |
| I00 | PREVIOUSLY RECEIVED R02,R03,R04,R20 ON THIS ACCOUNT (RCK) |
| I01 | Invalid Amount |
| I02 | Transaction Still Pending |
| I03 | Check Represented Maximum Times |
| I04 | Max Check Amount Exceeded |
| I05 | Max Fee Exceeded |
| I06 | Invalid Date |
| I07 | Transaction Too Old |
| I08 | Invalid Routing Number |
| I09 | Duplicate in Batch |
| I10 | Duplicate from Other Customer |
| I11 | Fee Rejected for Invalid Check |
| I12 | Duplicate in POS Batch |
| I13 | VOIDED POS Transaction |
| I14 | Invalid Account Number |
| I15 | Invalid Check Number |
| I16 | Missing Amount |
| I17 | Invalidated per Request |
| I18 | Item PAID |
| I19 | Reserved |
| I20 | Item Refunded |
| I23 | PREVIOUSLY RECEIVED ARC/LBX TRANSACTION |
| I24 | PREVIOUSLY RECEIVED R02, R03,R04, R20 ON THIS ACCOUNT (RCK) |
| I25 | PREVIOUSLY RECEIVED R02, R03, R04, R20 ON THIS ACCOUNT (EFT) |
| I26 | EFT Received within Window |
| I27 | EFT Too old |
| I28 | Void Transaction Successful |
| I29 | Void Could Not Be Matched |
| I30 | POS Batch Duplicated (re-processed) |
| I31 | LOCKBOX AMT OVER 5000 |
| I32 | RCK NAME MISSING |
| I33 | REMOTE DEPOSIT AMOUNT OVER LIMIT |
| I40 | PREV RECVD R07, R08, R10 ON THIS ACCOUNT |
| I41 | RCK Over 120 days old |
| I60 | RCK Fee Sent as Paper Draft |
Article Version History:
| Version | Effective Date | Description |
| Basic | 11/28/2022 | Initial Release - Confirmed the source of R85 codes |
| 0.1 | 11/02/2023 | Updated several R-codes to reflect current updated listings; Updated 1st 12 C-codes to reflect current nomenclature. |
| 0.2 | 11/11/2024 | Updated four (4) R-codes to reflect current listings. |